Ethereum has activated the Pectra upgrade on its mainnet, marking a significant milestone for the blockchain network. The upgrade went live at epoch 364032 on May 7 around 10:05 UTC.
Tim Beiko, the Ethereum Foundation’s Protocol Support Lead, confirmed the upgrade, stating that Pectra had successfully gone live and finalized. He noted that ongoing testing of the new Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) would continue in the coming days.
Ethereum co-founder and Consensys CEO Joseph Lubin also commented, highlighting the network’s progress over the years.
He described Ethereum as having achieved nearly a decade of continuous uptime and called the Pectra upgrade a major step forward in building the foundation for a decentralized global system.
Lubin stated:
“[We are] patiently building the foundational substrate for the emerging decentralized global economy and system of the world, ensuring that we adhere to the sacred principles of credible neutrality, progressive rigorous decentralization and intrinsic censorship resistance.”
What Pectra brings to Ethereum
The Pectra upgrade introduces changes that reshape how users, validators, and developers interact with the Ethereum network. It merges two significant update tracks, including Prague for the execution layer and Electra for the consensus layer.
Among the key updates in this upgrade is the introduction of EIP-7702, which will allow regular wallets to operate like smart contracts.
This enables users to pay fees in non-ETH tokens, batch multiple transactions, and use session keys when interacting with dApps.
As a result, Ethereum users would have a smoother experience for DeFi, gaming, and payment platforms.
Pectra also significantly raises the validator stake limit from 32 ETH to 2,048 ETH. This will help to simplify node operations for institutions and large stakers.
Moreover, Ethereum developers are set to benefit from increased data capacity on Layer 2 networks, leading to faster and cheaper transactions.
Altogether, Pectra introduces these changes that would enhance network performance, reduce congestion, and improve the economics of participation.
Caution amid celebration
Despite widespread support for the upgrade, some security experts have raised concerns about the risks introduced by these new capabilities.
Vladimir S., a well-known blockchain security researcher, warned that the new message-signing mechanisms could open users to fresh vulnerabilities.
He cautioned that signing even off-chain messages might expose wallets to malicious actors, a change from prior transaction-based security expectations.
He stated:
“Now with PECTRA ethereum upgrade, you only need to sign a message to get completely drained! Before, you actually had to sign the TX.”
Meanwhile, Mikko Ohtamaa, co-founder of crypto trading platform Trading Protocol, questioned whether some features, particularly those related to dApp permissions, had been appropriately standardized.
According to him, the lack of clear implementation guidelines could lead to inconsistent experiences across wallets, potentially frustrating users and developers.
He said:
“Pectra is live with EIP-7715.. But will it live up to its name? There doesn’t seem to be a standard for the simplest thing that everyone is advertising: batched approve + transfer. It’s “up for the wallets to decide.” Going to be another developer experience shitshow.”
